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3 types cone crusher

Cone crusher is a compression crushing equipment for medium and fine crushing of ore. It squeezes and splits materials through the relative movement of the conical mortar wall (fixed cone) and the crushing wall (moving cone), achieving secondary or tertiary crushing of high-hardness materials.

The core feature of cone crusher is lamination crushing (material is crushed under pressure between multiple layers of particles). Cone crusher machine has the advantages of high crushing ratio, low energy consumption, and good product particle shape. It is widely used in mining, metallurgy, building materials and other industries.

At present, there are three main types of spring cone crushers, single-cylinder hydraulic cone crushers and multi-cylinder hydraulic cone crushers on the market, as shown in the figure below. Among them, spring cone crushers have been gradually replaced by hydraulic cone crushers.

Spring cone crusher	Single cylinder hydraulic cone crusher	Multi-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher

Spring cone crusher

Spring cone crusher is a compression cone crusher that uses spring as an overload protection device. It crushes medium-hard and above materials through the extrusion between the moving cone and the fixed cone. It is widely used in medium or fine crushing operations.

Single cylinder hydraulic cone crusher

Single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher is an efficient cone crushing equipment that can achieve discharge port adjustment, overload protection and cavity clearing functions through only one hydraulic cylinder at the bottom. It has a compact structure and a high degree of automation.

Multi-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher

Multi-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher is a high-performance cone crusher that uses multiple hydraulic cylinders (usually 10-16) to achieve locking, cavity clearing, iron protection, discharge port adjustment and other functions. It is suitable for fine crushing of high-load and high-hardness materials.

Do you know how a cone crusher is installed?

When a cone crusher machine is working, the pulley drives the horizontal shaft to rotate, thereby driving the gear transmission, and finally the moving cone rotates to achieve crushing. Due to the rotation of the eccentric assembly when the multi-cylinder cone crusher is working, the crusher as a whole will move in a circular trajectory in the horizontal direction. Under this vibration trajectory, the belt installation between the motor pulley and the crusher pulley becomes a restrictive factor.

The following introduces 5 common installation forms of cone crushers.

1. Non-shock-absorbing anchor bolt installation

The non-shock-absorbing anchor bolt installation scheme is more common in fixed crushing and screening production lines. The crusher and motor are connected to the steel base by bolts, and the whole is installed on the concrete foundation by anchor bolts. The advantage of this installation method is that all installations are rigidly connected, and the overall rigidity is good. The disadvantage is that the concrete foundation and the steel base are unevenly stressed, and the installation connection is often damaged

1. Cone crusher 2. Steel base 3. Anchor bolt installation assembly 4. Concrete foundation 5. Motor 6. Drive wheel 7. Belt 8. Crusher pulley

2. Overall shock absorption + anchor bolt installation

The difference between the overall shock absorption + anchor bolt installation scheme and the non-shock absorption anchor bolt installation scheme is that a shock absorption block is added between the steel base and the concrete foundation. When the equipment is working, the motor and the crusher move horizontally in a circular trajectory as a whole, and the motor and the crusher remain relatively static.

The non-shim installation method has the advantages of uniform foundation force, good stability, reduced equipment vibration and short construction period, and is widely used in fixed crushing and screening production lines. In mobile crushing production lines, the concrete foundation needs to be changed to a steel structure frame (see figure).

3. Motor fixed  crusher shock absorption installation

The motor fixed + crusher shock absorption installation scheme is more common in mobile crushing stations. Due to the limitation of installation size, the motor is generally not too high, so shock absorption cannot be performed. However, during the operation of the equipment, there are two disadvantages in the relative movement between the crusher pulley and the motor drive wheel: the life of the belt is reduced and the belt is easy to disengage from the pulley.

In order to solve the second problem, this installation method often uses a more expensive joint V-belt, but the first disadvantage still cannot be solved. In order to solve this problem, this article introduces two other patented solutions – belt tensioning solution and support buffer solution.

1. Cone crusher 2. Shock absorber 3. Steel base 4. Motor 5. Belt 6. Drive wheel 7. Crusher pulley

4. Belt tensioning solution

The tensioning buffer device of the belt tensioning solution can rotate around the fixed axis to achieve the tensioning of the pulley. At the same time, a buffer spring is installed in the tensioning buffer device to offset the horizontal shaking of the cone crusher during operation.

5. Support buffer solution

The support buffer solution is applied to Metso mobile crushing equipment, and a support buffer assembly is added to the input end of the crusher. This assembly can not only increase the fixed point of the crusher input shaft, but also play a vibration buffering role. At the same time, with the shock-absorbing block, it can significantly improve the vibration of the crusher input end, thus solving the problem of short belt life. When the cone crusher works at a speed of 700rpm, the vibration isolation rate of this structure reaches 95%, which effectively improves the reliability of the equipment.