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As a precious metal, gold has always been favored by people. It not only has extremely high economic value, but also has a wide range of applications in industry, science and technology. As the main source of gold, the processing process of gold ore has always been the focus of people’s attention. Today, let Smat Machine and you take a deep look at the processing process of gold ore.

1. Basic introduction of gold ore

Gold ore, in simple terms, is a mineral aggregate that contains enough gold and can be used by industry. Gold ore mining is of great value, which is why people all over the world are actively exploring high-quality gold ore. There are many types of gold deposits, among which vein gold ore and placer gold ore are the most common. Different types of gold ore have different beneficiation methods due to their different composition and properties.

2. Three key stages of gold ore processing technology

(मैं). Crushing and screening-three-stage closed-circuit crushing

Coarse crushing: Large pieces of gold ore will first be sent to the silo, and then evenly enter the jaw crusher through a vibrating feeder. The जबड़ा is like a “strongman” that can perform powerful coarse crushing on gold ore and initially reduce its particle size.

Intermediate crushing: After coarse crushing, the gold ore will be screened by a vibrating screen. The ore that meets certain particle size requirements will be sent to the single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher by a belt conveyor for intermediate crushing. इस प्रक्रिया में, the particle size of the ore is further reduced to prepare for subsequent fine कुचल.

Fine crushing: After medium crushing, the gold ore will then be sent to a multi-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher for fine crushing. After these three stages of crushing, the particle size of the gold ore can meet the requirements of subsequent grinding and other processes.

Three-stage one closed-circuit crushing process
Mobile crushing solution: In actual production, if a more flexible crushing solution is required, a mobile crushing solution can also be used. This mobile station is equipped with a vehicle-mounted system, and the installation and commissioning speed are very fast, which can adapt to different production sites and needs.

(II) पिसाई

After crushing, the gold ore has a particle size of about 0-12mm. At this time, it needs to be evenly fed into the grinding machine for grinding. The grinding machine is like a “fine grinder” that grinds the gold ore into finer powder. The ground ore will be screened by a spiral classifier, and the ore that does not meet the requirements will be returned to the grinding machine for re-grinding. It should be noted that if heap leaching is used for gold selection, this grinding step can be omitted.

(III) Ore selection

Due to the variety of gold ore types, the ore dressing equipment methods are also different. वर्तमान में, the more commonly used ore selection methods include gravity selection, तैरने की क्रिया, amalgamation, cyanidation, and the more advanced resin slurry method, carbon slurry adsorption method, heap leaching method, etc., and sometimes a combined gold extraction process is used.

Gravity selection:

Use the difference in density between gold and other minerals to separate gold through gravity. Gravity selection equipment includes jigs, shaking tables, etc., which are suitable for processing coarse gold ores. उदाहरण के लिए, in the beneficiation of some placer gold mines, jigs can effectively separate heavy minerals (such as gold) from light minerals (such as sand).

तैरने की क्रिया:

Flotation is the most widely used beneficiation method for gold beneficiation plants to treat rock gold ores. It is suitable for treating sulfide gold-bearing quartz vein ores with fine gold particles and high floatability, polymetallic gold-bearing sulfide ores, and carbon-containing (graphite) ores. The principle is to add specific reagents, such as collectors (such as yellow medicine, black medicine, etc.), foaming agents (such as pine oil, alcohols, etc.) and adjusters (such as lime, sodium carbonate, etc.), so that gold minerals adhere to bubbles to form a foam layer, thereby separating them from gangue minerals.

Amalgamation:

Using the special affinity of mercury for gold, gold and mercury form amalgam, thereby extracting gold from the ore. तथापि, due to the high toxicity of mercury and serious harm to the environment, the application of this method in modern beneficiation has gradually decreased.

Cyanidation:

Cyanidation is a commonly used method for gold extraction. Cyanide solution is added to the ore to dissolve the gold to form a gold-cyanide complex, and then the gold is extracted from the solution through subsequent processes. The gold mine full mud cyanidation process includes ore crushing, grinding, pulp concentration, cyanidation leaching and adsorption, desorption electrolysis and tailings treatment. During the leaching process, the leaching time, तापमान, pulp concentration, and cyanide ion concentration (0.05% – 0.08%) and oxygen content in the pulp need to be controlled.

Resin pulp method:

This method uses ion exchange resin to adsorb gold from the pulp, and has the advantages of fast adsorption speed and good selectivity.

Carbon pulp adsorption method:

Activated carbon is used to directly adsorb and recover gold from cyanide pulp. It is a non-filtered cyanidation carbon pulp process, including seven operation stages: preparation of leached pulp, cyanidation leaching, activated carbon adsorption, gold-loaded carbon desorption, gold mud obtained by electric shock, gold-removing carbon recycling, and treatment of leached pulp.

Heap leaching:

The ore is piled up in a special site, and the gold is dissolved from the ore by spraying a leaching agent (such as cyanide solution), and then the leaching solution is processed to extract the gold. This method is suitable for processing low-grade gold ore and has a relatively low cost.

More methods: 11 Types Of Gold Refining Methods

The processing process of gold ore is a complex and delicate process. From crushing and screening, grinding to beneficiation, every link is crucial. Different types of gold ore require the selection of appropriate beneficiation methods to achieve efficient extraction of gold.

With the continuous advancement of science and technology, gold ore processing technology is also constantly innovating and optimizing, and it is expected to achieve more environmentally friendly and efficient gold production in the future. I hope that through this article, everyone will have a deeper understanding of the gold ore processing process and a new understanding of the gold industry.